Mapaipi apansi a electromechanical amaphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana zapadera.Kukonzekera mozama kwa mapaipi ndi zothandizira ndi zopachika zingathe kupititsa patsogolo pulojekiti yabwino, kuchepetsa ndalama ndikuwonjezera mphamvu.Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito mapangidwe atsatanetsatane kutengera chitsanzo cha uinjiniya.
Malo omanga a ntchitoyi ndi 17,749 masikweya mita.Ndalama zonse za polojekitiyi ndi 500 miliyoni yuan.Ili ndi nsanja ziwiri A ndi B, podium ndi garaja yapansi panthaka.Malo onse omanga ndi 96,500 masikweya mita, malo omwe ali pamwambawa ndi pafupifupi 69,100 masikweya mita, ndipo malo omanga mobisa ndi pafupifupi 27,400 masikweya mita.Nsanjayi ndi yansanjika 21 pamwamba pa nthaka, 4 yapansi panthaka, ndipo 2 yapansi panthaka.Kutalika kwa nyumba yonse ndi 95.7 metres.
1.Njira ndi mfundo yozama mapangidwe
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Cholinga cha mapangidwe atsatanetsatane a mapaipi a electromechanical
Cholinga cha mapangidwe atsatanetsatane ndikukweza luso la uinjiniya, kukhathamiritsa kakonzedwe ka mapaipi, kufulumizitsa kupita patsogolo ndikuchepetsa mtengo.
(1) Konzani bwino mapaipi aukadaulo kuti awonjezere malo omanga ndikuchepetsanso kumanga kwachiwiri komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mikangano yamapaipi.
(2) Konzani zipinda zamagetsi moyenera, kugwirizanitsa ntchito yomanga zida, mapaipi amagetsi, zomangamanga ndi zokongoletsera.Onetsetsani kuti pali malo okwanira ogwirira ntchito, kukonza ndi kukhazikitsa zida.
(3) Dziwani njira ya mapaipi, pezani malo otseguka ndi mabokosi osungidwa, ndipo muchepetse kukhudzidwa kwa zomangamanga.
(4) Pangani kusakwanira kwa kapangidwe koyambirira ndikuchepetsa mtengo wowonjezera waukadaulo.
(5) Malizitsani kupanga zojambula zomwe zimamangidwa, ndikusonkhanitsa ndi kukonza zidziwitso zosiyanasiyana zosintha za zojambula zomanga munthawi yake.Ntchito yomangayo ikamalizidwa, zojambula zomalizidwa monga zomangidwira zimakokedwa kuti zitsimikizire kukhulupirika ndi zowona za zojambula zomwe zimamangidwa.
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Ntchito yokonza mwatsatanetsatane mapaipi a electromechanical
Ntchito zazikulu zakuzama kapangidwe kake ndi: kuthetsa vuto la kugunda kwa magawo ovuta, kukhathamiritsa kutalika komveka bwino, ndikuwunikira njira yokwaniritsira luso lililonse.Kupyolera mu kukhathamiritsa ndi kuzama kwa kutalika komveka bwino, mayendedwe ndi ma node ovuta, mikhalidwe yabwino yomanga, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza imapangidwa.
Mtundu womaliza wamapangidwe atsatanetsatane umaphatikizapo mtundu wa 3D ndi zojambula za 2D zomanga.Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wa BIM, akuti ogwira ntchito yomanga, woyang'anira ndi mtsogoleri wamagulu ayenera kudziwa luso la BIM, lomwe limathandizira pomanga ntchito zapamwamba komanso zovuta.
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Kuzama Mfundo Zopangira
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(2) Pamaziko osamalira kapangidwe koyambirira, konzani mayendedwe a mapaipi.
(3) Yesani kuganizira zosankha zotsika mtengo.
(4) Yesani kuyesa kumasuka kwa zomangamanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
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Mfundo yopewera masanjidwe a mapaipi
(1) Kachubu kakang'ono kamapereka njira ku chubu chachikulu: mtengo wowonjezereka wa kupeŵa kwa chubu kakang'ono ndi kakang'ono.
(2) Kupanga kwakanthawi kochepa: Paipi yanthawi yochepa ikatha, iyenera kuchotsedwa.
(3) Zatsopano ndi zomwe zilipo: Paipi yakale yomwe idayikidwapo ikuyesedwa, ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kusintha.
(4) Mphamvu yokoka chifukwa cha kukanikiza: N’kovuta kuti mapaipi a mphamvu yokoka asinthe malo otsetsereka.
(5) Chitsulo chimapanga chosakhala chitsulo: Mipope yachitsulo ndi yosavuta kupindika, kudula ndi kulumikiza.
(6) Madzi ozizira amapanga madzi otentha: Kuchokera pamalingaliro aukadaulo ndi kupulumutsa, payipi yamadzi otentha ndi yaifupi, yomwe imapindulitsa kwambiri.
(7) Madzi ndi ngalande: Chitoliro cha ngalande ndi mphamvu yokoka ndipo ili ndi zofunikira zotsetsereka, zomwe zimakhala zochepa poyala.
(8) Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuthamanga kwambiri: kumanga mapaipi othamanga kwambiri kumafuna luso lapamwamba komanso kukwera mtengo.
(9) Mpweya umapanga madzi: chitoliro chamadzi ndi chokwera mtengo kuposa chitoliro cha gasi, ndipo mtengo wamagetsi oyendetsa madzi ndi wapamwamba kuposa wa gasi.
(10) Chalk chocheperako chimapanga zambiri: zopangira ma valve ochepa zimapanga zowonjezera.
(11) Mlatho umalola chitoliro cha madzi: kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza magetsi ndikosavuta ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika.
(12) Magetsi opanda mphamvu amapanga magetsi amphamvu: Magetsi opanda mphamvu amapanga magetsi amphamvu.Waya wofooka wamakono ndi wocheperako, wosavuta kukhazikitsa komanso wotsika mtengo.
(13) Chitoliro chamadzi chimapanga njira yodutsa mpweya: Njira yodutsa mpweya nthawi zambiri imakhala yokulirapo ndipo imatenga malo akulu, poganizira momwe imagwirira ntchito ndikupulumutsa.
(14) Madzi otentha amapanga kuzizira: Chitoliro chozizira ndi chachifupi kuposa chitoliro cha kutentha ndipo mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba.
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Njira yopangira mapaipi
(1) Lumikizani payipi yayikulu ndiyeno yachiwiri yanthambi: omwe ali ndi malo oimika magalimoto amawongoleredwa mumsewu, osapereka danga la kanjira;ngati palibe malo oyimika magalimoto, amakonzedwa pamwamba pa malo oimikapo magalimoto, kupereka nsembe kutalika kwa malo oimikapo magalimoto;Ngati m'chipinda chapansi pamunsi mwachitali chooneka bwino ndi chochepa, perekani patsogolo kuti mupereke utali wowoneka bwino wa malo oimikapo magalimoto.
(2) Kuyika chitoliro cha ngalande (palibe chopondereza): Chitoliro chotungira madzi ndi chitoliro chopanda kupanikizika, chomwe sichingatembenuzidwe m’mwamba ndi pansi, ndipo chiyenera kukhala chowongoka kuti chikakumana ndi malo otsetsereka.Nthawi zambiri, poyambira (malo okwera kwambiri) ayenera kumangirizidwa pansi pamtengo momwe angathere (omwe amalowa mumtengowo amakondedwa, ndipo poyambira ndi 5 ~ 10cm kutali ndi pansi pa mbale) kuti apange. icho chokwera momwe ndingathere.
(3) Maimidwe a mpweya (mapaipi akuluakulu): Mitundu yonse ya mayendedwe a mpweya ndi yokulirapo ndipo imafunikira malo akuluakulu omangira, motero malo a mayendedwe osiyanasiyana a mpweya ayenera kukhala pafupi.Ngati pali chitoliro pamwamba pa chitoliro cha mpweya (yesetsani kupewa chitoliro chotsitsa ndikuchigwira mbali ndi mbali), yikani pansi pa chitoliro;ngati palibe chitoliro chokhetsa pamwamba pa chitoliro cha mpweya, yesani kuyiyika pafupi ndi pansi pa mtengowo.
(4) Pambuyo pozindikira malo a chitoliro chopanda kuponderezedwa ndi chitoliro chachikulu, ena onse ndi mitundu yonse ya mapaipi amadzi opanikizika, milatho ndi mapaipi ena.Mapaipi oterowo amatha kupindika ndi kupindika, ndipo kakonzedwe kake kamakhala kosavuta.Pakati pawo, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa panjira ndi kusankha chingwe cha zingwe zopangira mchere, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kugula zingwe zosinthika zama mineral ngati ziloleza.
(5) Sungani 100mm ~ 150mm pakati pa makoma akunja a mizere ya milatho ndi mipope, tcherani khutu ku makulidwe a mapaipi ndi ma ducts a mpweya, komanso kupindika kwa milatho.
(6) Kuwongolera ndi kupeza malo ≥400mm.
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi mfundo yofunikira ya masanjidwe a mapaipi, ndipo mapaipiwo amakonzedwa momveka bwino molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili pokonzekera kugwirizanitsa mapaipi.
2.Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za polojekitiyi
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Zojambula Zosakanikirana
Kupyolera mu chitsanzo ndi tsatanetsatane, zovuta zojambula ndi zojambula zomwe zinapezeka panthawi ya ndondomekoyi zinalembedwa ndikukonzedwa mu lipoti lazovuta monga gawo lazojambula.Kuphatikiza pa zovuta za mapaipi owundana komanso zomangamanga zosayenera komanso kutalika kosawoneka bwino, pali mfundo zotsatirazi zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa:
Zojambula zonse: ①Mukamazama chipinda chapansi, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana zojambula panja, ndikuwona ngati mtunda ndi malo olowera zikugwirizana ndi zojambula zapansi.②Kaya pali kusamvana pakati pa kukwera kwa chitoliro cha ngalande ndi denga la chipinda chapansi.
Zamagetsi zazikulu: ① Kaya mapu oyambira omanga akugwirizana ndi zojambula.②Kaya zolembazo zatha.③Kaya mapaipi amagetsi okwiriridwa kale ali ndi ma diameter akulu ngati SC50/SC65, ndi chitetezo chowundana cha mapaipi okwiriridwa kale kapena mapaipi oyikidwa kale sichingakwaniritse zofunikira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwasinthe kuti agwirizane ndi mafelemu a mlatho.④Kaya pali waya wokhala ndi magetsi osungidwa pakhoma la njira yoteteza mpweya.⑤ Onani ngati malo a bokosi logawa ndi bokosi lolamulira ndilopanda nzeru.⑥ Kaya alamu yamoto ikugwirizana ndi madzi ndi ngalande ndi malo amphamvu amagetsi.⑦ Kaya dzenje loyimirira pachitsime champhamvu kwambiri limatha kukumana ndi utali wopindika wa mlatho kapena malo oyikapo plug-in ya basi.Kaya mabokosi ogawa m'chipinda chogawa mphamvu akhoza kukonzedwa, komanso ngati njira yotsegulira pakhomo imadutsana ndi mabokosi ogawa ndi makabati.⑧ Kaya nambala ndi malo olowera polowera pa siteshoni yapansi panthaka zikukwaniritsa zofunika.⑨ Pachithunzi chotchinga chachitetezo cha mphezi, fufuzani ngati pali malo oyambira omwe akusowa pamapaipi achitsulo pakhoma lakunja, zimbudzi, zida zazikulu, poyambira ndi pomaliza milatho, zipinda zamakina a elevator, zipinda zogawa magetsi, ndi malo ocheperako.⑩ Kaya kutsegulidwa kwa bokosi lotsekera, chitseko chachitetezo cha mpweya ndi chitseko chamoto cha chotsekera moto chimasemphana ndi chimango cha mlatho kapena bokosi logawa.
Mpweya Wotentha ndi Woziziritsa Mpweya Waukulu: ① Kaya mapu oyambira omanga akugwirizana ndi zojambula.②Kaya zolembazo zatha.③ Kaya tsatanetsatane wagawo lofunikira palibe muchipinda cha fan.④ Onani ngati pali zosiyidwa mu chotenthetsera moto pamalo owoloka, khoma logawa moto, ndi valavu yopumira pamakina abwino operekera mpweya.⑤ Kaya kukhetsa kwa madzi osungunuka ndi mwadongosolo.⑥ Kaya nambala ya zida ndi yadongosolo komanso yokwanira popanda kubwereza.⑦ Kaya mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa chotengera mpweya ndizomveka.⑧ Njira yolowera mpweya woyima ndi mbale yachitsulo kapena njira yolowera mpweya.⑨ Kaya mawonekedwe a zida m'chipinda cha makina amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomanga ndi kukonza, komanso ngati zigawo za valve zimayikidwa moyenera.⑩ Kaya makina onse opumira pansi pachipinda chapansi amalumikizidwa ndi panja, komanso ngati malo apansiwo ndi oyenera.
Madzi ndi ngalande zazikulu: ① Kaya mapu omanga akugwirizana ndi zojambula.②Kaya zolembazo zatha.③ Kaya ngalande zonse zatuluka panja, komanso ngati ngalande yolowera pansi ili ndi chida chonyamulira.④ Kaya zithunzi zamakina zamakina othamanga ndi madzi amvula zikugwirizana ndi kutha.Ngati dzenje la maziko a elevator lili ndi miyeso ya ngalande.⑤Kaya malo a sump agundana ndi chipewa cha engineering, malo oyimitsa magalimoto, ndi zina zambiri. ⑥Kaya madzi otentha ali ndi makina oyendera bwino.⑦ Kaya pali zotayira kapena zotayira pansi m'chipinda chopopera, chipinda chonyowa cha valve, malo otayira zinyalala, cholekanitsa mafuta ndi zipinda zina zokhala ndi madzi.⑧ Kaya makonzedwe a nyumba yopopera ndi omveka, komanso ngati malo osungirako osungidwa ndi oyenera.⑨ Kaya zida zotetezera monga decompression, kuchepetsa kupanikizika ndi chochotsera nyundo zamadzi zayikidwa muchipinda chopopera moto.
Pakati pa zazikulu: ① Kaya mfundo zofananirazi ndizofanana (mabokosi ogawa, zida zozimitsa moto, ma valve amoto, ndi zina).②Kaya pali malo odutsa mapaipi osafunikira, chipinda chogawa magetsi, ndi zina zotero. ③ Kaya chitseko cha chipinda cha fani chikusemphana ndi potulutsira mpweya ndi njira ya mpweya.Kaya malo olowera mpweya wotuluka muchipinda choziziritsira mpweya amadutsa pagawo la khoma lamiyala.④ Kaya mpweya womwe uli pamwamba pa chotsekera moto ukusemphana ndi payipi.⑤ Kaya mphamvu yonyamula katunduyo imaganiziridwa pakuyika mapaipi akulu.
2.Kukonza mapaipi apansi panthaka
Ntchitoyi ndi nyumba yamaofesi.Dongosolo la electromechanical makamaka limaphatikizapo: magetsi amphamvu, magetsi ofooka, mpweya wabwino, utsi wothira utsi, mpweya wabwino, makina opangira moto, makina opopera, madzi, ngalande, ngalande zapansi, ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwapansi.
Zochitika pakukonza zazikulu zosiyanasiyana: ①Malo oimika magalimoto amakina amatsimikizira kutalika kopitilira 3.6 metres.②Mapaipi akuzama kwa bungwe lopanga ≤ DN50 samaganiziridwa, nthawi ino bola payipi yokhudzana ndi chithandizo chonsecho ikuyenera kukonzedwa.Izi zikuwonetsanso kuti kufunikira kwa kukhathamiritsa kwa mapaipi sikungokonza mapaipi okha, komanso kapangidwe kazinthu zothandizira.③Makonzedwe a mapaipi nthawi zambiri amafunika kusinthidwa kangapo katatu, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti musinthe nokha.Yang'anani ndi anzanu ndikuwongoleranso, ndipo pamapeto pake kambiranani ndikusinthanso pamisonkhano.Chifukwa ndidasinthanso, pali "node" zambiri zomwe sizinatsegulidwe kapena kusalaza.Pokhapokha poyang'anitsitsa ndingathe kuwongolera.④Node zovuta zitha kukambidwa mwaukadaulo wonse, mwina ndizosavuta kuzithetsa pazomangamanga kapena kapangidwe kake.Izi zimafunanso kuti kukhathamiritsa kwa mapaipi kumafunikira chidziwitso china chazomangamanga.
Mavuto omwe amapezeka pamapangidwe atsatanetsatane: ① Zolowera mpweya sizimaganiziridwa pamakonzedwe a kanjira.②Mapangidwe oyambirira a makonzedwe a mapaipi a nyali wamba akuyenera kusinthidwa kukhala malo oyikapo nyali ya slot popanda kuganizira za kuyika kwa nyali ya slot.③ Malo oyikapo chitoliro cha nthambi yopopera sichikuganiziridwa.④Kuyika ma valve ndi malo ogwirira ntchito sikuganiziridwa.
3.Mapangidwe atsatanetsatane a chithandizo ndi hanger
Chifukwa chiyani mapangidwe atsatanetsatane a chithandizo ndi hanger ayenera kuchitidwa?Kodi sichingasankhidwe molingana ndi ma atla?Zothandizira ndi zopachika za Atlas ndi akatswiri amodzi;pali mapaipi osachepera atatu mu Atlas ochuluka ngati khumi ndi awiri pamalopo;Atlas nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo kapena boom, ndipo zonse zomwe zili pamalowo zimathandizira makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo.Choncho, palibe ma atlas othandizira pulojekitiyi, yomwe ingatchulidwe.
(1) Kukonzekera maziko a chithandizo chokwanira: Pezani malo opambana a payipi iliyonse malinga ndi momwe akufunira.Kutalikirana kwa kakhazikitsidwe kokwanira kothandizira kumatha kukhala kocheperako kuposa komwe kumafunikira, koma sikungakhale kokulirapo kuposa malo ochulukirapo.
①Bridge: Mtunda pakati pa mabulaketi oyikidwa mopingasa uyenera kukhala 1.5 ~ 3m, ndipo mtunda wapakati pa mabulaketi oyikidwa molunjika usapitirire 2m.
②Njira ya mpweya: Pamene m'mimba mwake kapena mbali yayitali ya kuyika kopingasa ndi ≤400mm, kusiyana kwa bulaketi ndi ≤4m;pamene m'mimba mwake kapena mbali yaitali ndi> 400mm, matayala a bulaketi ndi ≤3m;Payenera kukhazikitsidwa mfundo zosachepera ziwiri, ndipo kusiyana pakati pawo kuyenera kukhala ≤4m.
③ Mtunda pakati pa zothandizira ndi zopachika za mapaipi ophwanyidwa suyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa zotsatirazi
④ Mtunda pakati pa zothandizira ndi zopachika pakuyika kopingasa mapaipi achitsulo suyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa pamenepo.
zafotokozedwa patebulo ili:
Katundu wa chithandizo chokwanira ndi chachikulu, ndipo mtengo wopachikidwa (wokhazikika pakatikati ndi kumtunda kwa mtengo) umakondedwa, ndiyeno umayikidwa pa mbale.Pofuna kukonza matabwa ambiri momwe mungathere, kusiyana kwa ma gridi apangidwe kuyenera kuganiziridwa.Magulu ambiri a polojekitiyi amatalikirana ndi mamita 8.4, ndipo pakati pake pali mtengo wachiwiri.
Pamapeto pake, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti masitayilo a makonzedwe azinthu zonse ndi 2.1 mita.M'dera lomwe kutalika kwa gridi sikuli mamita 8.4, mtengo waukulu ndi mtengo wachiwiri uyenera kukonzedwa molingana.
Ngati mtengowo ndi wofunika kwambiri, chithandizo chophatikizika chikhoza kukonzedwa molingana ndi mtunda wautali pakati pa mapaipi ndi ma ducts a mpweya, ndipo malo omwe mtunda pakati pa mlatho umathandizidwa ndi osakhutitsidwa akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi hanger yosiyana.
(2) Kusankha chitsulo cha bracket
Palibe chitoliro chamadzi chowongolera mpweya pantchitoyi, ndipo DN150 imaganiziridwa kwambiri.Mtunda pakati pa mabatani ophatikizidwa ndi mamita 2.1 okha, omwe ali kale wandiweyani kwambiri pa ntchito ya mapaipi, kotero kusankha kumakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi ntchito wamba.Kuyimilira kwapansi kumalimbikitsidwa kwa katundu wokulirapo.
Pamaziko a dongosolo lonse la payipi, ndondomeko yowonjezereka ya chithandizo chokwanira ikuchitika.
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Kujambula kwa casing yosungidwa ndi mabowo apangidwe
Pamaziko a dongosolo lonse la payipi, ndondomeko yowonjezereka ya dzenje m'mapangidwe ndi kuyika kwa casing ikuchitikanso.Tsimikizirani malo osungira ndi mabowo kudzera pa malo ozama mapaipi.Ndipo onani ngati mchitidwe woyambirira wa casing ukugwirizana ndi zofunikira.Yang'anani poyang'ana ma casings omwe amatuluka m'nyumba ndikudutsa malo otetezera mpweya.
4.Chidule cha ntchito
(1) Malo okhazikika a chithandizo chokwanira amaperekedwa patsogolo pazitsulo zoyambirira ndi zachiwiri, ndipo muzu wa chithandizo suyenera kukhazikitsidwa pansi pa mtengo (pansi pa mtengowo ndi wodzaza ndi ma bolts owonjezera omwe si ophweka. kukonza).
(2) Zothandizira ndi zopachika zidzawerengedwa kwa ntchito zonse ndikudziwitsidwa kuti aziyang'anira.
(3) Ndibwino kuti chithandizo chophatikizikacho chipangidwe ndikuyikidwa ndi kontrakitala wamkulu, ndikulumikizana ndi mwiniwake ndi kampani yoyang'anira bwino.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chitani ntchito yabwino kuyang'anira kuzama kwa zojambula zojambula ndi ndondomeko yozama mapaipi, yomwe idzagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maziko a visa.
(4) Kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yozama ya payipi ya electromechanical ikuyamba, zotsatira zake zimakhala bwino komanso malo osinthika kwambiri.Pakusintha ndikusintha kwa eni ake, zotsatira za gawo lililonse zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko a visa.
(5) Monga makontrakitala wamba, kufunikira kwa luso lamagetsi lamagetsi kuyenera kutsatiridwa, ndipo kontrakitala wamkulu yemwe amawona kufunikira kwa zomangamanga nthawi zambiri sangathe kuwongolera ndikuwongolera akatswiri ena amagetsi pambuyo pake.
(6) Ogwira ntchito zozama zamagetsi amayenera kupititsa patsogolo luso lawo, ndipo podziwa zambiri zaukadaulo monga zomangamanga, zokongoletsera, kapangidwe kachitsulo, ndi zina zotero, amatha kupita mwakuya ndikukulitsa pamlingo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-20-2022